INNOVATION

National Innovation Systems: The Cases of Singapore and Finland

In an increasingly borderless world, a good deal of interest is still devoted to the performance of countries. The attention paid to various measures of international competitiveness of countries is a witness to this. According to conventional wisdom, countries can gain through engaging themselves in the international division of labour, specialising in goods they can produce relatively cheaply. While this is still part of the truth, it is today of course too narrow a view. Although much international exchange is still based on traditional comparative advantages – which emanate from different relative endowments of factors of production – the relative success of nations in terms of sustainable growth is increasingly dependent on competitive advantage based on their ability to innovate. This implies much more than just coming up with new technologies, products or production processes. There must also be capability to utilize and commercialize them. Thus, management and marketing knowledge must be there, as well as suitable financial channels. It may even be maintained that ability to adapt existing technical know-how to new applications and to take it all the way to marketable products is at least as important as technical progress in itself. However, even this may not suffice. There also has to be an entrepreneurial drive that contributes the dynamism required.
 

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

4PL In Supply Chain Management (SCM) System

Today, Globalization has made the trading of products and services very relevant to the world. It has revolutionized the world over last few decades. The company can fulfill the needs of its customers very effectively by the help of the new technologies being innovated in the field of merchandising. By the help of contrived flow of information, physical distribution and money, the delivery of the products and services can be performed from the raw materials to the end customers.
Supply chain comprises of the network of facility and arrangement options- from the procurement of raw materials to transformation into final products and ultimately distribution of these finished products to the end customer.
The regulation of this network can be achievable because of Supply Chain Management (SCM). It encompasses the movement of goods to and from the partner organizations holistically. The integration of demand and supply management can be made possible through SCM.
 

The Export Performance In Major Ports of India Through Containers By Custom House Agents

Containerization started in India in the year 1973 in a limited way with the creation of short-term container handling facilities at Mumbai Port Trust (MbPT) and Cochin Port Trust (CoPT). Since then, the container traffic has been recording remarkable growth particularly since 1992-1993, in tune with the growing use of containers for all types of cargo in the international trade. The port operations start with the ship reaching the port area. The ship has to call upon the port where it wants to dock, to get the permission to anchor on the port. The ship will get the permission only on submission of the Import General Manifest (IGM) to the customs (through the port authorities). IGM is the list of material which will be unloaded at the said port with details like the loading port, consignor, consignee, quantity, etc.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Entrepreneurial Opportunities For Foreign Investors In The Indian Small Industry Sector - A Study Report

In the current globalised scenario, the strategies (of any country) that formulate programmes for economic development and for the removal of poverty are laying more emphasis on the development of small-scale industrial sector (SSI). The small scale sector in India has emerged as a traditionally vibrant, competitive and dynamic segment of the economy as it provides large scale employment, education and training, capital formation, effective mobilisation of resources, balanced economic growth, expansion of trade, transport and equitable distribution of national income. The SSI gathered momentum along with industrialization and economic growth in India. Being a labor-intensive sector, SSI offers a higher productivity of capital than the capital-intensive sector due to low investment per worker.

Shobha Kiran Sristy
Assistant Professor
Vinayaka Missions Business School
Chennai
k_subhansp@rediffmail.com

PUBLIC MANAGEMENT

Industry - Academia Convergence : "Bridging The Skill Gap" Management Education In India - A Case Study

Although India's higher education system contributes about 350,000 engineers and 2.5 million university graduates annually to our workforce, yet at any given time, about 5 million graduates remain unemployed. According to a survey conducted by McKinsey Global Institute, it has been observed that MNCs find only 25 percent of Indian engineers employable, whereas a NASSCOM report foresees paucity of 500,000 knowledge workers by 2010. India warrants for over 10,000 PhDs (predicted by UR Rao Committee) and twice as many M. Tech degree holders for satisfying the growing needs of R&D but in reality, India produces only 400 engineering PhDs a year.

Anchal Singh
Research Fellow
Faculty of Commerce
B.H.U
Varanasi,Uttar Pradesh

anchalsingh.com@gmail.com

STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING

Determinants of Firms' Exit In The Indian Electronic Industry

The beginnings of the Indian electronics industry reach back to the early 1960s. At that time, the electronics industry concentrated on developing and maintaining fundamental communication systems, such as radio-broadcasting, telephonic and telegraphic communication, and aimed at enhancing defense capabilities. Later, at the end of the 1980s, the electronics industry experienced a rapid growth as a result of outstanding economic changes. The latter were due to the liberalization and globalization efforts of the Indian government in order to trigger off economic growth and to promote the creation of an export-oriented electronics industry. By 1991, foreign and domestic private investments were encouraged. Foreign investment norms were eased, 100 % foreign equity was allowed, custom tariffs were reduced and many consumer electronic products were delicensed. These initiatives attracted a large amount of foreign investment and collaborations.

rajeevsinghprof@rediffmail.com

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Job Burnout,Individual Coping Styles and Well -Being at Work : A Comparative Study of Men and Women Employees of A Private Enterprise

Burnout, a phenomenon that has been widely acknowledged as an important issue among people helping professionals, still lacks both precise theoretical foundations and substantial empirical support. Its conceptual and operational definitions vary widely. The broadcast definitions equate Burnout with stress, connect it with a long list of adverse health and well being variables and suggest that it is caused by relentless pursuit of success. Burnout has been related to human service professions with chronic inter-personal stress as its caused (Maslach and Jackson, 1981). It is conceived as a state of mental, physical and emotional exhaustion, typically occurring as a result of long-term involvement with people in situations, which are emotionally demanding.
Burnout can be defined as the end result of stress experienced, but not properly coped with resulting in symptoms of exhaustion, irritation, ineffectiveness, discounting of self, others and problems of health (Hypertension, Ulcers and Heart Problems).
 

vinitasinha167@gmail.com

Missing Workforce : Some Personality Correlates of Absenteeism

Workplace attendance and absenteeism are of fundamental importance to a progressive society. Absenteeism affects most directly all organizations as cost of production increases and productivity decreases, which has a direct bearing on the wealth generation process. It adds to the cost, or may reduce the quality of public and private goods and services. At the workplace, it may place additional burdens on employers and workers, especially at critically important times, or in key processes.