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   Volume 6 • Number 5 • May 2013

 

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Competency Model at Global Line Limited (GLL) : A Case Study
Prabandhan : Indian Journal of Management, Volume 6, Number 5, pp. 5 – 9.
This case study is about an Indian media organization - Global Line Limited (GLL) that had a very robust Human Resource function. The HR department of GLL recently introduced a competency model that measures 44 different competencies for potential recruits. The competencies had been categorized into skills, knowledge, and talent. The head of the HR department was convinced that the competency based selection process was working positively for them until a young professional named Suman was hired in the talent acquisition team of the department. Suman collected feedback from line managers, analyzed the process, and tried to identify ways to further improve the system. The significant learning from this case is that HR departments of business organizations must innovate and must be proactive in implementing the latest HR technologies. However, the practical applicability of the model must be kept in mind while framing any HR model. Furthermore, the HR should always stay connected with the pulse of the workforce to ascertain whether or not the function is adding adequate value to business outcomes.
Keywords : competency mapping, behavioral event interviews, competency model
JEL Classification: M5
References
1 Cacioppe, R. (1998). “An Integrated Model and Approach for the Design of Effective Leadership Development Programs.” Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 19 (1), pp. 44-53.
2 Inc, T. (2007). “Using a Competency-Based Approach: Linking Core Competencies to your Business Strategy.” Think Wise, Retrieved from http://www.thinkwiseinc.com/Files/Competency-Based-Approach-WhitePaper.pdf
3 Maral, C. (n.d.). “A Competency-Based Model for Managers in Practice.” Retrieved from http://www.unifr.ch/rho/agrh2007/Articles/pages/papers/Papier93.pdf
4 Margaret, E., & Alldredge, K. J. (2000). “3 M's Leadership Competency Model: An Internally Developed Solution.” Human Resource Management, 39 (2 & 3), pp. 133-145.
5 Sanghi, S. (2007). “The Handbook of Competency Mapping: Understanding, Designing and Implementing Competency Models in Organizations.” Response Books, Sage Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp. 36-48.
6 SHRM. (2008). “Leadership Competencies.” Retrieved from from SHRM: http://www.shrm.org/research/articles/articles/pages/leadershipcompetencies.aspx
7 Spicer, C. (2009). “Building a Competency Model.” Society of Human Resource and Management, 54 (4). Retrieved from www.shrm.org › SHRM › Publications › HR Magazine
8 Taleo Research. (2010). “Seven Steps for effective Leadership Development.” Taleo Research.
9 Retrieved from http://www.skillscape.net/uploads/content/125_Seven-steps-for-effective-leadership---Research-Paper.pdf

Gowri Vidyanand Joshi
Associate Professor - Organizational Behavior and Human Resources, School of Business Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai – 400 056.
gowri.joshi@nmims.edu

Sharon Pande
Area Chairperson and Associate Professor - Human Resources & Behavioral Sciences, School of Business Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai – 400 056.
sharon.pande@nmims.edu

 
 
 
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
The Impact of Shared Values on Psychological Empowerment
Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, Volume 6, Number 5, pp. 10 - 19.
Purpose: This research aims to examine and understand the level of psychological empowerment inside Egyptian organizations, namely the automobile industry; look at the impact of shared values on psychological empowerment; and investigate if there is a difference in the level of psychological empowerment held between females and males.
Design/methodology/approach: The research study is an empirical research whereby the hypotheses were tested on the automobile distributor companies in Egypt. Questionnaires were used to collect the research data.
Findings : The research results revealed a positive relationship between shared values and psychological empowerment. No significant difference was found between females and males with respect to the level of psychological empowerment they possessed.
Research limitations/implications: The research questionnaires were distributed among the automobile companies located in Cairo and Giza governorates.
Originality/value: Limited empirical research studies have examined the impact of shared values on psychological empowerment. Practitioners and researchers should find value in this unique research study.
Keywords: shared values, psychological empowerment
JEL Classification: M12
References
1 Adler, P.S. (2001). “Market, Hierarchy, and Trust: The Knowledge Economy and the Future of Capitalism.” Organization Science, 12 (2), pp. 215-234.
2 Arnold, J.A., Arad, S., Rhoades, J. A., & Drasgow F. (2000). “The Empowering Leadership Questionnaire: The Construction and Validation of a New Scale for Measuring Leader Behaviors.” Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21 (3), pp.249-269.
3 Ashforth, B.E. (1989). “The Experience of Powerlessness in Organizations.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 43 (2), pp. 207-242.
4 Atchison, G. M. (2007). “Values Congruency: A Qualitative Investigation into how First Level Managers View Congruence Between Personal Values and Corporate Values.” Ph. D. Dissertation, Capella University.
5 Bandura, A. (1989). “A Social Cognitive Theory of Action.” In Forgas, J. P. & Innes, M. J. (Eds.). “Recent Advances in Social Psychology: An International Perspective.” North Holland, Elsevier, pp. 127-138.
6 Besterfield, D.H. et al. (2003). “Total Quality Management.” New Jersey, Person Prentice Hall.
Blanchard, K.H., Carlos, J.P., Randolph, W. A. (1995). “The Empowerment Barometer and Action Plan, Balanced Training and Development.” Escondido, CA.
7 Bonias, D., Bartram, T., Leggat, S., & Stanton, P. (2010). 'Does Psychological Empowerment Mediate the Relationship between High Performance Work Systems and Patient Care Quality in Hospitals.” Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 48 (3), pp. 319-337.
8 Boundrias, J. S., Gaudreau, P., & Laschinger, H. K.S. (2004). “Testing the Structure of Psychological Empowerment: Does Gender Make a Difference?” Educational and Psychological Measurement,64 (5), pp. 861-877.
9 Bown, D.E. and Lawler, E.E. (1995). “Empowering Service Employees.” Sloan Management Review, 36 (4), pp.73-84.
10 Conger J.A., & Kanungo, R. N (1988). “The Empowerment Process: Integrating Theory and Practice.” Academy of Management Review, 13 (3), pp. 471 - 482.
11 Davidson, H. (2005). “The Committed Enterprise: Making Vision, Values and Branding Work.” 2nd ed., Elsevier, Oxford.
12 De Gus, A. D. (1999). “The Living Company: Growth, Learning and Longevity in Business.” London, United Kingdom, Nicholes Brealey Publishing.
13 Deal, T.E., & Kennedy, A. A. (1982). “Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life.” Reading, MA: Addison-Weswley.
14 Deci, E.L., Connell, J.P., & Ryan, R.M. (1989). "Self-Determination in a Work Organization." Journal of Applied Psychology, 74 (4), pp. 586-590.
15 Finegan, J. F. (2000). 'The Impact of Person or Organizational Values on Organizational Commitment.' Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73 (2), pp.149-169.
16 Gist, M.E. (1987). 'Self-Efficiacy: Implications for Organizational Behavior and Human Resources Management.' Academy of Management Review, 12 (3), pp. 472-485.
17 Givens, R. J. (2011). “The Role of Psychological Empowerment and Value Congruence in Mediating the Impact of Transformational Leadership on Follower Commitment in American Churches.” International Journal of Leadership Studies, 6 (2), pp.188-214.
18 Hackman J.R., & Oldham, G.R. (1980). “Work Redesign.” Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley.
19 Harmon, J., Scotti, D. J., Behson, S., Farias, G., Petzel, R., Neuman, J.H., & Keashly, L.(2003). 'Effects of High-Involvement Work Systems on Employee Satisfaction and Service Costs in Veterans Healthcare.' Journal of Healthcare Management, 48 (6), pp. 393 - 406.
20 Hechscher, C. (2007). “The Collaborative Enterprise: Managing Speed and Complexity in Knowledge-Based Businesses.” Connecticut, Yale University Press.
21 Hechscher, C., & Adler, P. (2006). “The Firm as a Collaborative Community: Reconstructing Trust in the Knowledge Economy.” NY: OUP.
22 Heckscher, C., & Donnellon, A. (1994). “The Post Bureaucratic Organization: New Perspective on Organizational Change.” London, Sage Publications.
23 Hunt, M.H., & At-Twaijri M. I. (1996). “Values and the Saudi Manager: An Empirical Investigation.” Journal of Management Development, 15 (5), pp. 48 - 55.
24 Jabnoun, N. (2001). “Perspectives Values Underlying Continuous Improvement.” The TQM Magazine, 13 (6), pp. 381-388.
25 JISC (2009). “Strategy Infokit.” Retrieved from www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/infokits/ strategy/ missionvision - values/values
26 Keene, J., & Fairman, R. (2011). “Building an Integrated Work Force through Shared Values: The Worcester Library and History Centre.” Library Review, 60 (3), pp. 188 - 201.
27 Laschinger, P. P., Finegan, J., Shamian, J.S., & Wilk, P. (2004). “A Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact of Workplace Empowerment on Work Satisfaction.” Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25 (4), pp. 527 - 545.
28 Lawler, E.E. (2006). “Business Strategy: Creating the Winning Formula.” In Gallos, J.V. (Ed.), “Organization Development.” Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, pp. 545-64.
29 Leach, D., Wall, T.D., & Jackson, P.R. (2003). “The Effect of Empowerment on Job Knowledge: An Empirical Test Involving Operators of Complex Technology.” Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76 (1), pp.27 - 52.
30 Lee, M., & Koh, J. (2001). “Is Empowerment Really a New Concept?” International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12 (4), pp. 684-695.
31 Linden, R.C., Wayne, S.J., & Sparrowe, R.T. (2000). “An Examination of the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment on the Relations between the Job, Interpersonal Relationships, and Work Outcomes.” Journal of Applied Psychology, 85 (3), pp. 407 - 416.
32 Manz, C.C., & Sims, H.P. (1987). “Leading Workers to Lead Themselves: The External Leadership of Self Managing Work Teams.” Administrative Science Quarterly, 32 (1), pp. 106 -128.
33 Meglino, B. M., Ravlin, E. C., & Adkins, C. L. (1989). “A Work Values Approach to Corporate Culture: A Field Test of the Value Congruence Process and its Relationship to Individual Outcomes.” Journal of Applied Psychology, 74 (3), pp. 424-432.
34 Menon, S.T. (2001). “Employee Empowerment: An Integrative Psychological Approach.” Applied Psychology, 50 (1), pp.153-180.
35 Meyerson, S.L., & Kline, T.J.B. (2007). “Psychological and Environmental Empowerment: Antecedents and Consequences.” Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 29 (5), pp. 444-460.
36 Michael, B. (2009). “Role of Values and Effecting Value Change in Solutions Organizations.” Ph.D Dissertation, the State University of New Jersey.
37 Mustafa, A.S. (2004). “Employees' Empowerment, Distinguishing Features and Metrics.” Paper Presented at the Fourteenth International Conference for Training and Development, Riyadh-Saudi Arabia, December, 11-15, pp. 20-22.
38 Nohria, N., & Ghoshal, S. (1997). “The Differentiated Network: Organizing Multinational Corporations for Value Creation.” San Francisco, Jossey-Bass Publishers.
39 O'Reilly, C.A., & Chatman, J. A. (1996). “Culture as Social Control: Corporations, Cults and Commitment.” In Staw, B.M. & Cummings, L.L. (Eds.). “Research in Organizational Behavior.” Stamford, CT,JAI Press,Volume18, pp.157-200.
40 O'Reilly ,C. A., & Pfeffer , J. (2000). “Hidden Value.” Boston, Harvard Business Press.
Ouchi, W.G. (1980). “Markets, Bureaucracies and Clans.” Administrative Science Quarterly, 25 (1), pp.125-141.
41 Ouchi, W.G. (1982). “Theory Z: How American Business can meet the Japanese Challenge.” New York, Avon Books.
42 Porter, M.E., & Kramer, M.R. (2011). “The Big Idea: Creating Shared Value.” Harvard Business Review, 89 (1/2), pp. 62-77.
43 Posner, B. Z. (1992). “Person-Organization Values Congruence: No Support for Individual Differences as Moderating Influence.” Human Relations, 45 (4), pp. 351-61.
44 Powell, W.W. (1990). “Neither Markets nor Hierarchy: Network Forms of Organization.” In Staw, B.M. & Cummings, L.L., “Research in Organizational Behavior.” Volume12, Greenwich, CT, JAI Press, pp. 295-336.
45 Randolph, W.A. (1995). “Navigating the Journey to Empowerment.” Organizational Dynamics, 24 (4), pp.19-32.
46 Rokeach, M. (1968). “Beliefs, Attitudes and Values.” San Francisco, Jossey-Bass.
47 Saele, C. (2007). “Linking Organizational Culture and Values with a Firm's Performance, A Case Study from the New Zealand Airline Industry.” Master of Business, Unitec Business School, Unitec, New Zealand.
48 Schein, E.H. (1990). “Organizational Culture.” American Psychologist, 45 (2), pp.109-119.
49 Schermerhorn, J., Hunt, J., & Osborn, R. (1991). “Managing Organizational Behavior.” New York, Wiley.
50 Senger, J. (1971). “Managers' Perceptions of Subordinates' Competence as a Function of Personal Value Orientation.” Academy of Management Journal, 14 (4), pp. 415-423.
51 Spreitzer, G.M. (1995). “Psychological Empowerment in the Work Place: Construct Definition, Measurement, and Validation.” Academy of Management Journal, 38 (5), pp. 1442-1465.
52 Spreitzer, G.M. (1996). “Social Structural Characteristics of Psychological Empowerment.” Academy of Management Journal, 39 (2), pp. 483-504.
53 Spreitzer, G.M. (2007). “A Review of More than Twenty Years of Research on Empowerment at Work.” CA, Sage Publications.
54 Spreitzer, G., & Bartunek, J.M. (2006). “The Interdisciplinary Career of a Popular Construct Used in Management: Empowerment in the Late 20th Century.” Journal of Management Inquiry, 15(3), pp. 255-273.
55 Spreitzer, G. M., & Stevens, F. (2008). “Thriving at Work: A Construct Validation.” Working paper, University of Michigan, Ross School of Business.
56 Spitzeck, H., & Chapman, S. (2012). “Creating Shared Value as a Differentiation Strategy - the Example of BASF in Brazil.” Corporate Governance, 12 (4), pp. 499 - 513.
57 Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B.A. (1990). “Cognitive Elements of Empowerment: An Interpretive Model of Intrinsic Task Motivation.” The Academy of Management Review, 15 (4), pp. 666-681.
58 Tsai, W., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). “Social Capital and Value Creation: The Role of Intrafirm Networks.” Academy of Management Journal, 41 (4), pp.464 - 476.
59 Yukl, G.A., & Becker, W.S. (2006). “Effective Empowerment in Organization.” Organizational Management Journal, 3 (3), pp. 210-231.

Rania A.M. Shamah
Associate Professor of Business Administration
Business Administration Department
Faculty of Business Administration
Alhram Canadian University, 6th October City
Egypt.
rania.shamah@gmail.com 

Shaymaa M.M. Elsawaby
Lecturer of Business Administration
Production & Operation Department
Sadat Academy for Management Sciences
Cairo, Egypt.

Ghadeer M.B. Aboul-Ela
Lecturer of Business Administration
School of Business Administration
Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
 
 
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Strategic HR: Success Key to Organizational Effectiveness

Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, Volume 6, Number 5, pp. 20 - 25.

The management concept with a resource-based view among organizations is based on the critical importance of the human resource element, gaining competitive advantage through positioning itself as a strategic and an integral part responsible for attaining a paradigm shift in the field of organizational effectiveness. Astonishingly, the human resource management field has accepted a number of suggestions for the new role of manpower in organizations for strategic purposes, but it is lacking in its formulation and execution. This raises a question - where should human resource management focus upon (the superior executor role) to build human resource as strategic human resource ? Through this paper, we wished to analyze the strategic issues concerned, and attempted to find how the answer to the aforesaid question can be appropriately given, and also aimed to analyze the degree of organizational effectiveness and organizational competency achieved through the evolved concept of strategic human resource management (SHRM).

Keywords: competitive advantage, organizational effectiveness, paradigm shift , strategic human resource management
JEL Classification: M19
References
1 Antonacopoulou, E.P., & Fitzgerald, L. (1996). “Reframing Competency in Management Development.” Human Resource Management Journal, 6 (1), pp. 27-48.
2 Arthur, J.B. (1994). “Effects of Human Resource Systems on Manufacturing Performance and Turnover.” Academy of Management Journal, 37 (3), pp. 670-687.
3 Arthur, J.B. (1992). “The Link between Business Strategy and Industrial Relations Systems in American Steel Minimills.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 45 (3), pp. 488-506.
4 Barney, J. (1991). “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantages.” Journal of Management, 17 (1), pp. 99-120.
5 Bartlett, C.A. & Ghoshal, S. (2002). “Building Competitive Advantage through People.” MIT Sloan Management Review, 3 (2), pp. 34-41.
6 Becker, B.E., Huselid, M.A., & Ulrich, D. (2001). “The HR Scorecard: Linking People, Strategy and Performance.” Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
7 Becker, B.E., & Huselid, M.A. (1999). “Overview: Strategic Human Resource Management in Five Leading Firms.” Human Resource Management, 38 (4), pp. 287-301.
8 Boyatzis, R.R. (1982). “The Competent Manager: A Model for Effective Performance.” New York: Wiley-Interscience.
9 Fisher, C.D. (1989). “Current and Recurrent Challenges in HRM.” Journal of Management, 15 (2), pp. 157-180.
10 Gubman, E.L. (1998). “The Talent Solution: Aligning Strategy and People to Achieve Extraordinary Results.” New York: McGraw-Hill.
11 Hitt, M.A., & Ireland, R.D. (1985). “Corporate Distinctive Competence, Strategy, Industry and Performance.” Strategic Management Journal, 6 (3), pp. 273-293.
12 McClennand, D.C. (1973). “Testing for Competence Rather than for Intelligence.” American Psychologist, 28 (5), pp. 1-14.
13 Mintzberg, H. (1990). “The Design School: Reconsidering the Basic Premises of Strategic Management.” Strategic Management Journal, 12 (6), pp. 171-195.
14 Porter, M.E. (1996). “What is a Strategy?” Harvard Business Review, 14 (1), pp. 61-78.
15 Porter, M. J. (1985). “Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance.” New York: Free Press.
16 Porter, M. E. (1980). “Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitiors.” New York: Free Press.
17 Schuler, R.S., & Jackson, S.E. (1987). “Linking Competitive Strategies with Human Resources Management Practices.” Academy of Management Executive, 1 (3), pp. 207-219.
18 Schuler, R.S., & MacMillan, I.C. (1984). “Gaining Competitive Advantages through Human Resource Management Practices.” Human Resource Management, 23 (3), pp. 241-255.
19 Ulrich, D. (1997). “Measuring Human Resources: An Overview of Practices and Prescription for Results.” Human Resource Management, 36 (3), pp. 357-365.
U. Bhojanna
Professor & Head, Department of MBA & Research Center
RNS Institute Of Technology, Bengaluru -560098.
u_bhojanna@yahoo.co.in
 
I.G. Srikanth
Assistant Professor, RNS Institute Of Technology, Bengaluru -560098.
igsrikanthmba@gmail.com

Abhishek Tiwari
Assistant Professor
RNS Institute Of Technology, Bengaluru -560098.
abhishek.tiwari346@gmail.com
 
 
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
The Impact and Application of Nanotechnology on Human Resource Management
Prabandhan : Indian Journal of Management, Volume 6, Number 5, pp. 26 - 30.
Nanotechnology is a modern science, and its applications are gradually appearing in different sciences. Though these applications are obvious in basic sciences, medicine, and engineering sciences, etc., it is difficult to explain the right usage of nanotechnology in abstract sciences as it depends on the foremost definition of discussing matter. One of the most prominent fields in which the definition of nanotechnology is most important is Management. This study tries to provide a point of view on definition and type of nanotechnology application in management. The purpose of this study is expanding, making more flexible, discovering various parts, levels, structures, and secrets of organizations and management knowledge by benchmarking from Nano science and surely, its findings show so many similarities between these which are visible and require thinking. Obviously, Nanotechnology would be effective in the development of different sciences and shall pose a challenge for human resource management in various parts such as adjustability of organizations, and as a result, accelerating the organizations' Nanotechnology development. Organizations must adopt these developments by using appropriate structural policies. In the present paper, I examine two points of view: The effect of Nanotechnology on human resource management; and also the application of Nanotechnology in the HR department of organizations.
Keywords: human resource management, nanotechnology, management
JEL Classification: M12
References
1 Becker, B., & Gerhart, B. (1996). "The Impact of Human Resource Management on Organizational Performance: Progress and Prospects." Academy of Management Journal, 39 (4), pp. 779-801.
2 Bogaert, D.V. (2004). “Nanotechnology : Its Impact on Human Resources Management & Organizational Leadership.” Retrieved from http://www.idc-online.com/technical_references/pdfs/electronic_engineering/5.pdf
3 Boxall, P., & Purcell, J. (2003). "Strategy and Human Resource Management." Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 57 (1), pp.143-146.
4 Christidis et al. (2002). "Impact of Technological and Structural Change on Employment: Prospective Analysis 2020." Background Report.
5 Komoche, K. (1992). "Human Resource Management." International Journal of Human Resource Management, 3 (3), pp. 497-521.
6 Lorenzi, N. M., & Riley, R. T. (2000). "Managing Change : An Overview." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 7 (2), pp.116-124.
7 Mansoori, G. A. (2005). "Principles of Nanotechnology: Molecular-Based Study of Condensed Matter In Small Systems." World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated, p.1, pp.5-10.
8 OECD (2010). “The Impacts of Nanotechnology on Companies: Policy Insights from Case Studies.” OECD Publishing. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264094635-en
9 Roco, M. C., & Bainbridge, W. S. (2005). "Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: Maximizing Human Benefit." Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 7 (1), pp.1-13.
10 Salaman, J. G., Storey, J., & Billsberry, J. (2005, Eds.). "Strategic Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice." London: Sage, pp. 1- 11.
11 Schellenberg, G., Turcotte, M., et al. (2005). "Post-retirement Employment." Perspectives on Labour and Income, 6 (9), pp.14-17.
12 Steinfeldt, M., Gleich, A., Petschow, U. , & Haum, R. (2007). "Nanotechnologies, Hazards and Resource Efficiency: A Three-Tiered Approach to Assessing the Implications of Nanotechnology and Influencing its Development." Springer, p.1, pp.3-7.

Hooman Derakhshanian
Director Manager, Armelat Co., 3rd Floor, No 61
Amiri Alley, Kokab St., Sattarkhan St., Tehran, Iran.
derakhshanianh@yahoo.com


 
 
 
GENERAL MANAGEMENT
Performance of District Forums in Tamil Nadu : A Statistical Comparative Report
Prabandhan : Indian Journal of Management, Volume 6, Number 5, pp. 31 - 46.
Nanotechnology is a modern science, and its applications are gradually appearing in different sciences. Though these applications are obvious in basic sciences, medicine, and engineering sciences, etc., it is difficult to explain the right usage of nanotechnology in abstract sciences as it depends on the foremost definition of discussing matter. One of the most prominent fields in which the definition of nanotechnology is most important is Management. This study tries to provide a point of view on definition and type of nanotechnology application in management. The purpose of this study is expanding, making more flexible, discovering various parts, levels, structures, and secrets of organizations and management knowledge by benchmarking from Nano science and surely, its findings show so many similarities between these which are visible and require thinking. Obviously, Nanotechnology would be effective in the development of different sciences and shall pose a challenge for human resource management in various parts such as adjustability of organizations, and as a result, accelerating the organizations' Nanotechnology development. Organizations must adopt these developments by using appropriate structural policies. In the present paper, I examine two points of view: The effect of Nanotechnology on human resource management; and also the application of Nanotechnology in the HR department of organizations.
Keywords: consumer courts , district forums , consumerism
JEL Classification: D18, D12
References
1 Department of Civil Supplies and Consumer Protection of Tamil Nadu State (2010). “Frequently Asked Questions - Consumer Protection Act.” Retrieved from http://www.consumer.tn.gov.in/faq.htm#districtfora
2 Gambhir, C. (2002). “Consumer Protection: Law and Practice.” Indian Journal of Marketing, 32 (11), pp. 17 - 20.
3 Kumar, R. S. (2002). “Consumerism in India: An Overview.” Indian Journal of Marketing, 32 (7), pp. 31-32.
4 Krishna, B. Y. & Suganya, Y. (2011). “A Comparative Study of Consumer Courts in Tamil Nadu & Kerala States - A Statistical Survey Report.” Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 4 (12), pp.45-54.
5 Palaniappan, V.S. (2004, May 25). “Consumer Forum Remains Headless.” The Hindu, Retrieved from http://www.thehindu.com/
6 Rao, D. N. (2002). “Consumerism in India Emerging from its Teething Troubles.” Indian Journal of Marketing, 32 (3-4), pp. 3-6.
7 Statistical data and Reports published by National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission, New Delhi, Retrieved from http://ncdrc.nic.in/
8 Tamilnadu State consumer Helpline (2010) Retrieved from http://www.consumer.tn.gov.in/nugarvorkavasam/2009/nk_nov2009.pdf

B. Yamuna Krishna
Senior Professor and Head
Centre for Innovation & Entrepreneurship
School of Management, Hindustan University
Padur, Kelambakkam, Chennai – 603103, Tamil Nadu.
yumkrish@sify.com

Y. Suganya
Research Scholar, Mother Teresa Women's University
Kodaikanal - 624 102, Tamil Nadu.
sukanya55555@sify.com
 
 
 
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